[1] E. Hameeteman, “Future water (In) security: Facts, figures, and predictions,” Glob. Water Inst., vol. 1, pp. 1–16, 2013.
[2] M. Qasim, M. Badrelzaman, N. N. Darwish, N. A. Darwish, and N. Hilal, “Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review,” Desalination, vol. 459, no. December 2018, pp. 59–104, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2019.02.008.
[3] M. Shatat, M. Worall, and S. Riffat, “Opportunities for solar water desalination worldwide: Review,” Sustain. Cities Soc., vol. 9, pp. 67–80, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2013.03.004.
[4] J. Krukowski, “Opening the’black box’: Regulations and recycling drive use of membrane technologies,” Pollut. Eng., vol. 33, no. 6, p. 20, 2001.
[5] T. Younos and K. E. Tulou, “Overview of desalination techniques,” J. Contemp. Water Res. Educ., vol. 132, no. 1, pp. 3–10, 2005.
[6] B. B. Ashoor, S. Mansour, A. Giwa, V. Dufour, and S. W. Hasan, “Principles and applications of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD): A comprehensive review,” Desalination, vol. 398, pp. 222–246, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2016.07.043.
[7] M. Ghadiri, S. Fakhri, and S. Shirazian, “Modeling and CFD simulation of water desalination using nanoporous membrane contactors,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 52, no. 9, pp. 3490–3498, 2013, doi: 10.1021/ie400188q.
[8] A. Bahmanyar, M. Asghari, and N. Khoobi, “Numerical simulation and theoretical study on simultaneously effects of operating parameters in direct contact membrane distillation,” Chem. Eng. Process. Process Intensif., vol. 61, pp. 42–50, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.cep.2012.06.012.
[9] S. G. Lovineh, M. Asghari, and B. Rajaei, “Numerical simulation and theoretical study on simultaneous effects of operating parameters in vacuum membrane distillation,” Desalination, vol. 314, pp. 59–66, 2013.
[10] F. Eleiwi, N. Ghaffour, A. S. Alsaadi, L. Francis, and T. M. Laleg-Kirati, “Dynamic modeling and experimental validation for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process,” Desalination, vol. 384, pp. 1–11, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2016.01.004.
[11] A. Khalifa, H. Ahmad, M. Antar, T. Laoui, and M. Khayet, “Experimental and theoretical investigations on water desalination using direct contact membrane distillation,” Desalination, vol. 404, pp. 22–34, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2016.10.009.
[12] H. J. Hwang, K. He, S. Gray, J. Zhang, and I. S. Moon, “Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD): Experimental study on the commercial PTFE membrane and modeling,” J. Memb. Sci., vol. 371, no. 1–2, pp. 90–98, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.01.020.
[13] F. P. Incropera, D. P. DeWitt, T. L. Bergman, and A. S. Lavine, Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer, vol. 6. Wiley New York, 1996.
[14] H. B. Harandi, A. Asadi, H. Fathi, and P. C. Sui, “Combined macroscopic and pore scale modeling of direct contact membrane distillation with micro-porous hydrophobic membranes,” Desalination, vol. 514, no. June, p. 115171, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2021.115171.
[15] A. Esfandiari, A. Hosseini Monjezi, M. Rezakazemi, and M. Younas, “Computational fluid dynamic modeling of water desalination using low-energy continuous direct contact membrane distillation process,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 163, no. September, p. 114391, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114391.
[16] J. M. Prausnitz, R. N. Lichtenthaler, and E. G. De Azevedo, Molecular thermodynamics of fluid-phase equilibria. Pearson Education, 1998.
[17] K. W. Lawson and D. R. Lloyd, “Membrane distillation,” vol. 124, 1997.
[18] M. Qtaishat, T. Matsuura, B. Kruczek, and M. Khayet, “Heat and mass transfer analysis in direct contact membrane distillation,” Desalination, vol. 219, no. 1–3, pp. 272–292, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2007.05.019.
[19] A. O. Imdakm and T. Matsuura, “A Monte Carlo simulation model for membrane distillation processes: Direct contact (MD),” J. Memb. Sci., vol. 237, no. 1–2, pp. 51–59, 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.03.005.
[20] P. Chang and C. R. Wilke, “Correlation of diffusion coefficients in dilute solutions,” AIChE J., pp. 264–270, 1955.
[21] Z. Kuang, R. Long, Z. Liu, and W. Liu, “Analysis of temperature and concentration polarizations for performance improvement in direct contact membrane distillation,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 145, p. 118724, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118724.
[22] T.-C. Chen, C.-D. Ho, and H.-M. Yeh, “Theoretical modeling and experimental analysis of direct contact membrane distillation,” J. Memb. Sci., vol. 330, no. 1–2, pp. 279–287, 2009.
)